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SANTA MARIA
- The
Santa Maria was a Nao, the flagship of the Columbus fleet.
It was a merchant ship, between 200-600 tons. The boat's length
was 75 feet with a wide beam, 25 feet. This allowed it to carry
more people and cargo. She had a deep draft, 6 feet. The vessel
had three masts, a mainmast, a foremast, and a mizzenmast. Five
sails altogether were attached to these masts. Each mast carried
one large sail. The foresail and mainsail were square; the sail
on the mizzen was a triangular sail known as a lateen mizzen.
The ship had a smaller topsail on the mainmast above the
mainsail and on the foremast above the foresail. In addition,
the ship carried a small square sail, a spritsail, on the
bowsprit.
Each sail
was attached to a long wooden pole, a yard, which spread the
sail out across the top and held it open. The Santa Maria
also had a crow's nest on the mainmast. It had a raised stern.
There was a forecastle in the bow of the ship. Most of the force
used to drive this ship came from the largest mainsail. The
other sails were used for "trimming."
Though many
sailors believed that the Santa Maria was a fine ship for her
day, Columbus was not so impressed. He did not think it was a
ship fit for discovery. Because of the deep draft, the vessel
was not suited for sailing near reefs and shallow island waters.
In fact, the craft ran aground off Hispaniola and had to be
abandoned.
Mantua does
an admirable job of recreating the ships of Christopher
Columbus. All wooden parts are laser cut for easy assembly.
Plank-on-bulkhead construction features plywood, beech, walnut
and other fine hardwoods. Fittings are plentiful in pre-finished
wood, cast metal and brass. Sailcloth, silk flags and cotton
rigging are all included. Detailed plans and clear instructions.
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